Stroke volume :
Stroke volume is defined as Volume of blood pumped by heart in one Cardiac cycle.
Stroke volume = 70 ml
Cardiac output :
Cardiac output is defined as Volume of blood pumped by heart in one minute.
Cardiac output = Heart rate * stroke vol.
= 72 * 70
= 5040 ml (approximately 5L)
Blood pressure :
• Pressure exerted by blood on the wall of blood vessels.
• Blood pressure measured by sphygmomanometer.
• Normal value = 120/80 mm of Hg
120 = systolic pressure
80 = diastolic pressure
ECG (Electro Cardio Gram) :
• ECG is the representation of electrical activity of heart.
• It is measured by an instrument Electro CardioGraph.
• 1st invented by Einthoven.
• In ECG, P-wave represent artrial deploarization
• Q-wave represent beginning of ventricular depolarization.
• QRS complex represent ventricular depolarization.
• T-wave represent ventricular repolarization.
Note :-
•Number of QRS complex = Number of heart beat
•ST segment depressed = myocardial Ischemia
•ST segment devated = myocardial infarction
•If graph becomes a straight line cardiac arrest occur (person die) and instrument produce sound pip.........pip......ppppppeeeeeeee...........
Artery :-
• It Carry blood away from heart.
• Narrow lumen.
• Blood flow is under high pressure.
• It Carry oxygenated blood except Umbilical artery and pulmonary artery.
Vein :-
• It Carry blood towards heart.
• Wide lumen.
• Blood flow is under low pressure.
• It Carry deoxygenated blood except Umbilical vein and pulmonary vein.